If I buy a home with private sea access in Italy, do I own the beach or is it a concession?

You do not own it: the shore and the beach are State maritime property (Civil Code art. 822; Navigation Code art. 28). Exclusive use is possible only through a time-limited State concession (Navigation Code art. 36), which is a right of use, not ownership. The rules on duration and award of beach concessions are also changing, as Italy adapts them to the EU services directive. Buying a home with private sea access therefore does not transfer the beach: what matters is the title the access rests on and when it expires. The checks to make before an offer are in our guide to buying a coastal home in Italy.